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Diffstat (limited to 'docs')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/ChangeLog | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/binaryonly_fuzzing.md (renamed from docs/binaryonly_fuzzing.txt) | 111 |
2 files changed, 69 insertions, 53 deletions
diff --git a/docs/ChangeLog b/docs/ChangeLog index f034d251..c1d53379 100644 --- a/docs/ChangeLog +++ b/docs/ChangeLog @@ -17,10 +17,17 @@ sending a mail to <afl-users+subscribe@googlegroups.com>. Version ++2.60d (develop): -------------------------- + - use -march=native if available - afl-fuzz: - now prints the real python version support compiled in - - afl-clang-fast now shows in the help output for which llvm version it - was compiled for. + - set stronger performance compile options and little tweaks + - afl-clang-fast: + - show in the help output for which llvm version it was compiled for + - now does not need to be recompiled between trace-pc and pass + instrumentation. compile normally and set AFL_LLVM_USE_TRACE_PC :) + - afl-cmin is now a sh script (invoking awk) instead of bash for portability + the original script is still present as afl-cmin.bash + - added blacklist and whitelisting function check in all modules of llvm_mode - added fix from Debian project to compile libdislocator and libtokencap diff --git a/docs/binaryonly_fuzzing.txt b/docs/binaryonly_fuzzing.md index 239fb4b0..d22e4ce2 100644 --- a/docs/binaryonly_fuzzing.txt +++ b/docs/binaryonly_fuzzing.md @@ -1,14 +1,12 @@ - -Fuzzing binary-only programs with afl++ -======================================= +#Fuzzing binary-only programs with afl++ afl++, libfuzzer and others are great if you have the source code, and it allows for very fast and coverage guided fuzzing. -However, if there is only the binary program and not source code available, -then standard afl++ (dumb mode) is not effective. +However, if there is only the binary program and no source code available, +then standard `afl-fuzz -n` (dumb mode) is not effective. -The following is a description of how these can be fuzzed with afl++ +The following is a description of how these binaries can be fuzzed with afl++ !!!!! TL;DR: try DYNINST with afl-dyninst. If it produces too many crashes then @@ -16,36 +14,42 @@ TL;DR: try DYNINST with afl-dyninst. If it produces too many crashes then !!!!! -QEMU ----- +##QEMU Qemu is the "native" solution to the program. It is available in the ./qemu_mode/ directory and once compiled it can be accessed by the afl-fuzz -Q command line option. The speed decrease is at about 50% It is the easiest to use alternative and even works for cross-platform binaries. +Note that there is also honggfuzz: [https://github.com/google/honggfuzz](https://github.com/google/honggfuzz) +which now has a qemu_mode, but its performance is just 1.5%! + As it is included in afl++ this needs no URL. -WINE+QEMU ---------- -Wine mode can run Win32 PE with the QEMU instrumentation. + +##WINE+QEMU +Wine mode can run Win32 PE binaries with the QEMU instrumentation. It needs Wine, python3 and the pefile python package installed. -UNICORN -------- +As it is included in afl++ this needs no URL. + + +##UNICORN Unicorn is a fork of QEMU. The instrumentation is, therefore, very similar. -In contrast to QEMU, Unicorn does not offer a full system or even userland emulation. -Runtime environment and/or loaders have to be written from scratch, if needed. -On top, block chaining has been removed. This means the speed boost introduced in -to the patched QEMU Mode of afl++ cannot simply be ported over to Unicorn. -For further information, check out ./unicorn_mode.txt. +In contrast to QEMU, Unicorn does not offer a full system or even userland +emulation. Runtime environment and/or loaders have to be written from scratch, +if needed. On top, block chaining has been removed. This means the speed boost +introduced in the patched QEMU Mode of afl++ cannot simply be ported over to +Unicorn. For further information, check out ./unicorn_mode.txt. + +As it is included in afl++ this needs no URL. -DYNINST -------- +##DYNINST Dyninst is a binary instrumentation framework similar to Pintool and Dynamorio (see far below). However whereas Pintool and Dynamorio work at runtime, dyninst -instruments the target at load time, and then let it run. +instruments the target at load time, and then let it run - or save the +binary with the changes. This is great for some things, e.g. fuzzing, and not so effective for others, e.g. malware analysis. @@ -53,9 +57,9 @@ So what we can do with dyninst is taking every basic block, and put afl's instrumention code in there - and then save the binary. Afterwards we can just fuzz the newly saved target binary with afl-fuzz. Sounds great? It is. The issue though - it is a non-trivial problem to -insert instructions, which change addresses in the process space, so +insert instructions, which change addresses in the process space, so that everything is still working afterwards. Hence more often than not binaries -crash when they are run (because of instrumentation). +crash when they are run. The speed decrease is about 15-35%, depending on the optimization options used with afl-dyninst. @@ -63,11 +67,10 @@ used with afl-dyninst. So if dyninst works, it is the best option available. Otherwise it just doesn't work well. -https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/afl-dyninst +[https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/afl-dyninst](https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/afl-dyninst) -INTEL-PT --------- +##INTEL-PT If you have a newer Intel CPU, you can make use of Intels processor trace. The big issue with Intel's PT is the small buffer size and the complex encoding of the debug information collected through PT. @@ -77,30 +80,39 @@ the implementation and other factors). There are two afl intel-pt implementations: -1. https://github.com/junxzm1990/afl-pt +1. [https://github.com/junxzm1990/afl-pt](https://github.com/junxzm1990/afl-pt) => this needs Ubuntu 14.04.05 without any updates and the 4.4 kernel. -2. https://github.com/hunter-ht-2018/ptfuzzer +2. [https://github.com/hunter-ht-2018/ptfuzzer](https://github.com/hunter-ht-2018/ptfuzzer) => this needs a 4.14 or 4.15 kernel. the "nopti" kernel boot option must be used. This one is faster than the other. +Note that there is also honggfuzz: https://github.com/google/honggfuzz +But its IPT performance is just 6%! -CORESIGHT ---------- +##CORESIGHT Coresight is ARM's answer to Intel's PT. There is no implementation so far which handle coresight and getting it working on an ARM Linux is very difficult due to custom kernel building on embedded systems is difficult. And finding one that has coresight in the ARM chip is difficult too. My guess is that it is slower than Qemu, but faster than Intel PT. + If anyone finds any coresight implementation for afl please ping me: vh@thc.org -PIN & DYNAMORIO ---------------- +##FRIDA +Frida is a dynamic instrumentation engine like Pintool, Dyninst and Dynamorio. +What is special is that it is written Python, and scripted with Javascript. +It is mostly used to reverse binaries on mobile phones however can be used +everywhere. +There is a WIP fuzzer available at [https://github.com/andreafioraldi/frida-fuzzer](https://github.com/andreafioraldi/frida-fuzzer) + + +##PIN & DYNAMORIO Pintool and Dynamorio are dynamic instrumentation engines, and they can be used for getting basic block information at runtime. Pintool is only available for Intel x32/x64 on Linux, Mac OS and Windows @@ -115,30 +127,27 @@ Hence Dynamorio is the option to go for if everything fails, and Pintool only if Dynamorio fails too. Dynamorio solutions: - https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/afl-dynamorio - https://github.com/mxmssh/drAFL - https://github.com/googleprojectzero/winafl/ <= very good but windows only + * [https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/afl-dynamorio](https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/afl-dynamorio) + * [https://github.com/mxmssh/drAFL](https://github.com/mxmssh/drAFL) + * [https://github.com/googleprojectzero/winafl/](https://github.com/googleprojectzero/winafl/) <= very good but windows only Pintool solutions: - https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/afl-pin - https://github.com/mothran/aflpin - https://github.com/spinpx/afl_pin_mode <= only old Pintool version supported - + * [https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/afl-pin](https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/afl-pin) + * [https://github.com/mothran/aflpin](https://github.com/mothran/aflpin) + * [https://github.com/spinpx/afl_pin_mode](https://github.com/spinpx/afl_pin_mode) <= only old Pintool version supported -Non-AFL solutions ------------------ -There are many binary-only fuzzing frameworks. Some are great for CTFs but don't -work with large binaries, others are very slow but have good path discovery, -some are very hard to set-up ... +##Non-AFL solutions +There are many binary-only fuzzing frameworks. +Some are great for CTFs but don't work with large binaries, others are very +slow but have good path discovery, some are very hard to set-up ... -QSYM: https://github.com/sslab-gatech/qsym -Manticore: https://github.com/trailofbits/manticore -S2E: https://github.com/S2E -<please send me any missing that are good> +* QSYM: [https://github.com/sslab-gatech/qsym](https://github.com/sslab-gatech/qsym) +* Manticore: [https://github.com/trailofbits/manticore](https://github.com/trailofbits/manticore) +* S2E: [https://github.com/S2E](https://github.com/S2E) +* <please send me any missing that are good> +## Closing words -That's it! -News, corrections, updates? -Email vh@thc.org +That's it! News, corrections, updates? Send an email to vh@thc.org |