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What I want to do next, is to look at how

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version control systems actually work. We saw what they are. We

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saw why they are useful. But how do they actually work?

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And we're going to do that by starting from some essential

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actions that version control systems perform. The first one is the

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addition of files. So, when you use a version control system,

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you can add a file to the repository. And at that

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point the file will be accessible to other people who have access

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to the repository. And now the fundamental action is commit.

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When you change a file, a file that is already in

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the repository, when you make some local changes to a

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file that is already in the repository, you want then to

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commit your changes to the central repository, so they can

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become visible to all of the other users on the repository. Finally,

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another fundamental action is the action of updating a file. If

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we have a repository and someone else can modify the files

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in the repository, I want to be able to get

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the changes that other people made to the files in the

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repository. And these are just three of the basic actions, but

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there are many, many more. And we'll see several of those.