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In the previous lesson, we discussed agile

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software development. Its principles and practices. And two

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specific agile processes. XP and Scrub. In

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this lesson, we will introduce a practice that

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is of fundamental importance in the context

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of agile software development. Software refactoring. Software refactoring

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is the process of taking a program and

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transforming it to make it better. That is,

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to make it easier to understand, make it

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more maintainable, and in general to improve its

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design. Specifically, we will discuss what the refactoring

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is and why it is important? When to perform

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refactoring, and when not to perform refactoring? And

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how to perform refactoring in a fully automated way,

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using tools. We will also introduce the concept

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of bad smells, where a bad smell, in software,

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is the indication that there might be something wrong with

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the code that might call for the application of refactoring.