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Crashing loads of uninitialized memory
proved to be a problem when implementing
unions using qbe. This patch introduces
a new UNDEF Ref to represent data that is
known to be uninitialized. Optimization
passes can make use of it to eliminate
some code. In the last compilation stages,
UNDEF is treated as the constant 0xdeaddead.
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When multiple stack slots are coalesced
one 'alloc' instruction is kept in the il
and the other ones are removed and have
their uses replaced by the result of the
selected one. To produce valid ssa, it
must be ensured that the uses that get
replaced are dominated by the selected
'alloc' instruction. This patch ensures
dominance by moving the selected alloc up
in the start block as necessary.
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We may well treat all rets as
non-escaping since stack slots
are destroyed upon funcion
return.
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This pass limits stack usage when
many small aggregates are allocated
on the stack. A fast liveness
analysis figures out which slots
interfere and the pass then fuses
slots that do not interfere. The
pass also kills stack slots that
are only ever assigned.
On the hare stdlib test suite, this
fusion pass managed to reduce the
total eligible slot bytes count
by 84%.
The slots considered for fusion
must not escape and not exceed
64 bytes in size.
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Compiler warned about comparison between signed and unsigned values.
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This big diff does multiple changes to allow
the addition of new targets to qbe. The
changes are listed below in decreasing order
of impact.
1. Add a new Target structure.
To add support for a given target, one has to
implement all the members of the Target
structure. All the source files where changed
to use this interface where needed.
2. Single out amd64-specific code.
In this commit, the amd64 target T_amd64_sysv
is the only target available, it is implemented
in the amd64/ directory. All the non-static
items in this directory are prefixed with either
amd64_ or amd64_sysv (for items that are
specific to the System V ABI).
3. Centralize Ops information.
There is now a file 'ops.h' that must be used to
store all the available operations together with
their metadata. The various targets will only
select what they need; but it is beneficial that
there is only *one* place to change to add a new
instruction.
One good side effect of this change is that any
operation 'xyz' in the IL now as a corresponding
'Oxyz' in the code.
4. Misc fixes.
One notable change is that instruction selection
now generates generic comparison operations and
the lowering to the target's comparisons is done
in the emitter.
GAS directives for data are the same for many
targets, so data emission was extracted in a
file 'gas.c'.
5. Modularize the Makefile.
The Makefile now has a list of C files that
are target-independent (SRC), and one list
of C files per target. Each target can also
use its own 'all.h' header (for example to
define registers).
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While a minimal dead store elimination is not
implemented, the generated code looks quite a
bit better with them enabled. It also is quite
cheap.
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