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+//===- FuzzerTracePC.h - Internal header for the Fuzzer ---------*- C++ -* ===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// fuzzer::TracePC
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_FUZZER_TRACE_PC
+#define LLVM_FUZZER_TRACE_PC
+
+#include "FuzzerDefs.h"
+#include "FuzzerDictionary.h"
+#include "FuzzerValueBitMap.h"
+
+#include <set>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace fuzzer {
+
+// TableOfRecentCompares (TORC) remembers the most recently performed
+// comparisons of type T.
+// We record the arguments of CMP instructions in this table unconditionally
+// because it seems cheaper this way than to compute some expensive
+// conditions inside __sanitizer_cov_trace_cmp*.
+// After the unit has been executed we may decide to use the contents of
+// this table to populate a Dictionary.
+template<class T, size_t kSizeT>
+struct TableOfRecentCompares {
+  static const size_t kSize = kSizeT;
+  struct Pair {
+    T A, B;
+  };
+  ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ALL
+  void Insert(size_t Idx, const T &Arg1, const T &Arg2) {
+    Idx = Idx % kSize;
+    Table[Idx].A = Arg1;
+    Table[Idx].B = Arg2;
+  }
+
+  Pair Get(size_t I) { return Table[I % kSize]; }
+
+  Pair Table[kSize];
+};
+
+template <size_t kSizeT>
+struct MemMemTable {
+  static const size_t kSize = kSizeT;
+  Word MemMemWords[kSize];
+  Word EmptyWord;
+
+  void Add(const uint8_t *Data, size_t Size) {
+    if (Size <= 2) return;
+    Size = std::min(Size, Word::GetMaxSize());
+    size_t Idx = SimpleFastHash(Data, Size) % kSize;
+    MemMemWords[Idx].Set(Data, Size);
+  }
+  const Word &Get(size_t Idx) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < kSize; i++) {
+      const Word &W = MemMemWords[(Idx + i) % kSize];
+      if (W.size()) return W;
+    }
+    EmptyWord.Set(nullptr, 0);
+    return EmptyWord;
+  }
+};
+
+class TracePC {
+ public:
+  void HandleInline8bitCountersInit(uint8_t *Start, uint8_t *Stop);
+  void HandlePCsInit(const uintptr_t *Start, const uintptr_t *Stop);
+  void HandleCallerCallee(uintptr_t Caller, uintptr_t Callee);
+  template <class T> void HandleCmp(uintptr_t PC, T Arg1, T Arg2);
+  size_t GetTotalPCCoverage();
+  void SetUseCounters(bool UC) { UseCounters = UC; }
+  void SetUseValueProfileMask(uint32_t VPMask) { UseValueProfileMask = VPMask; }
+  void SetPrintNewPCs(bool P) { DoPrintNewPCs = P; }
+  void SetPrintNewFuncs(size_t P) { NumPrintNewFuncs = P; }
+  void UpdateObservedPCs();
+  template <class Callback> void CollectFeatures(Callback CB) const;
+
+  void ResetMaps() {
+    ValueProfileMap.Reset();
+    ClearExtraCounters();
+    ClearInlineCounters();
+  }
+
+  void ClearInlineCounters();
+
+  void UpdateFeatureSet(size_t CurrentElementIdx, size_t CurrentElementSize);
+  void PrintFeatureSet();
+
+  void PrintModuleInfo();
+
+  void PrintCoverage();
+
+  template<class CallBack>
+  void IterateCoveredFunctions(CallBack CB);
+
+  void AddValueForMemcmp(void *caller_pc, const void *s1, const void *s2,
+                         size_t n, bool StopAtZero);
+
+  TableOfRecentCompares<uint32_t, 32> TORC4;
+  TableOfRecentCompares<uint64_t, 32> TORC8;
+  TableOfRecentCompares<Word, 32> TORCW;
+  MemMemTable<1024> MMT;
+
+  void RecordInitialStack();
+  uintptr_t GetMaxStackOffset() const;
+
+  template<class CallBack>
+  void ForEachObservedPC(CallBack CB) {
+    for (auto PC : ObservedPCs)
+      CB(PC);
+  }
+
+  void SetFocusFunction(const std::string &FuncName);
+  bool ObservedFocusFunction();
+
+  struct PCTableEntry {
+    uintptr_t PC, PCFlags;
+  };
+
+  uintptr_t PCTableEntryIdx(const PCTableEntry *TE);
+  const PCTableEntry *PCTableEntryByIdx(uintptr_t Idx);
+  static uintptr_t GetNextInstructionPc(uintptr_t PC);
+  bool PcIsFuncEntry(const PCTableEntry *TE) { return TE->PCFlags & 1; }
+
+private:
+  bool UseCounters = false;
+  uint32_t UseValueProfileMask = false;
+  bool DoPrintNewPCs = false;
+  size_t NumPrintNewFuncs = 0;
+
+  // Module represents the array of 8-bit counters split into regions
+  // such that every region, except maybe the first and the last one, is one
+  // full page.
+  struct Module {
+    struct Region {
+      uint8_t *Start, *Stop;
+      bool Enabled;
+      bool OneFullPage;
+    };
+    Region *Regions;
+    size_t NumRegions;
+    uint8_t *Start() { return Regions[0].Start; }
+    uint8_t *Stop()  { return Regions[NumRegions - 1].Stop; }
+    size_t Size()   { return Stop() - Start(); }
+    size_t  Idx(uint8_t *P) {
+      assert(P >= Start() && P < Stop());
+      return P - Start();
+    }
+  };
+
+  Module Modules[4096];
+  size_t NumModules;  // linker-initialized.
+  size_t NumInline8bitCounters;
+
+  template <class Callback>
+  void IterateCounterRegions(Callback CB) {
+    for (size_t m = 0; m < NumModules; m++)
+      for (size_t r = 0; r < Modules[m].NumRegions; r++)
+        CB(Modules[m].Regions[r]);
+  }
+
+  struct { const PCTableEntry *Start, *Stop; } ModulePCTable[4096];
+  size_t NumPCTables;
+  size_t NumPCsInPCTables;
+
+  Set<const PCTableEntry*> ObservedPCs;
+  std::unordered_map<uintptr_t, uintptr_t> ObservedFuncs;  // PC => Counter.
+
+  uint8_t *FocusFunctionCounterPtr = nullptr;
+
+  ValueBitMap ValueProfileMap;
+  uintptr_t InitialStack;
+};
+
+template <class Callback>
+// void Callback(size_t FirstFeature, size_t Idx, uint8_t Value);
+ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ALL
+size_t ForEachNonZeroByte(const uint8_t *Begin, const uint8_t *End,
+                        size_t FirstFeature, Callback Handle8bitCounter) {
+  typedef uintptr_t LargeType;
+  const size_t Step = sizeof(LargeType) / sizeof(uint8_t);
+  const size_t StepMask = Step - 1;
+  auto P = Begin;
+  // Iterate by 1 byte until either the alignment boundary or the end.
+  for (; reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(P) & StepMask && P < End; P++)
+    if (uint8_t V = *P)
+      Handle8bitCounter(FirstFeature, P - Begin, V);
+
+  // Iterate by Step bytes at a time.
+  for (; P < End; P += Step)
+    if (LargeType Bundle = *reinterpret_cast<const LargeType *>(P)) {
+      Bundle = HostToLE(Bundle);
+      for (size_t I = 0; I < Step; I++, Bundle >>= 8)
+        if (uint8_t V = Bundle & 0xff)
+          Handle8bitCounter(FirstFeature, P - Begin + I, V);
+    }
+
+  // Iterate by 1 byte until the end.
+  for (; P < End; P++)
+    if (uint8_t V = *P)
+      Handle8bitCounter(FirstFeature, P - Begin, V);
+  return End - Begin;
+}
+
+// Given a non-zero Counter returns a number in the range [0,7].
+template<class T>
+unsigned CounterToFeature(T Counter) {
+    // Returns a feature number by placing Counters into buckets as illustrated
+    // below.
+    //
+    // Counter bucket: [1] [2] [3] [4-7] [8-15] [16-31] [32-127] [128+]
+    // Feature number:  0   1   2    3     4       5       6       7
+    //
+    // This is a heuristic taken from AFL (see
+    // http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/afl/technical_details.txt).
+    //
+    // This implementation may change in the future so clients should
+    // not rely on it.
+    assert(Counter);
+    unsigned Bit = 0;
+    /**/ if (Counter >= 128) Bit = 7;
+    else if (Counter >= 32) Bit = 6;
+    else if (Counter >= 16) Bit = 5;
+    else if (Counter >= 8) Bit = 4;
+    else if (Counter >= 4) Bit = 3;
+    else if (Counter >= 3) Bit = 2;
+    else if (Counter >= 2) Bit = 1;
+    return Bit;
+}
+
+template <class Callback>  // void Callback(size_t Feature)
+ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS
+ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE
+void TracePC::CollectFeatures(Callback HandleFeature) const {
+  auto Handle8bitCounter = [&](size_t FirstFeature,
+                               size_t Idx, uint8_t Counter) {
+    if (UseCounters)
+      HandleFeature(FirstFeature + Idx * 8 + CounterToFeature(Counter));
+    else
+      HandleFeature(FirstFeature + Idx);
+  };
+
+  size_t FirstFeature = 0;
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < NumModules; i++) {
+    for (size_t r = 0; r < Modules[i].NumRegions; r++) {
+      if (!Modules[i].Regions[r].Enabled) continue;
+      FirstFeature += 8 * ForEachNonZeroByte(Modules[i].Regions[r].Start,
+                                             Modules[i].Regions[r].Stop,
+                                             FirstFeature, Handle8bitCounter);
+    }
+  }
+
+  FirstFeature +=
+      8 * ForEachNonZeroByte(ExtraCountersBegin(), ExtraCountersEnd(),
+                             FirstFeature, Handle8bitCounter);
+
+  if (UseValueProfileMask) {
+    ValueProfileMap.ForEach([&](size_t Idx) {
+      HandleFeature(FirstFeature + Idx);
+    });
+    FirstFeature += ValueProfileMap.SizeInBits();
+  }
+
+  // Step function, grows similar to 8 * Log_2(A).
+  auto StackDepthStepFunction = [](uint32_t A) -> uint32_t {
+    if (!A) return A;
+    uint32_t Log2 = Log(A);
+    if (Log2 < 3) return A;
+    Log2 -= 3;
+    return (Log2 + 1) * 8 + ((A >> Log2) & 7);
+  };
+  assert(StackDepthStepFunction(1024) == 64);
+  assert(StackDepthStepFunction(1024 * 4) == 80);
+  assert(StackDepthStepFunction(1024 * 1024) == 144);
+
+  if (auto MaxStackOffset = GetMaxStackOffset())
+    HandleFeature(FirstFeature + StackDepthStepFunction(MaxStackOffset / 8));
+}
+
+extern TracePC TPC;
+
+}  // namespace fuzzer
+
+#endif  // LLVM_FUZZER_TRACE_PC