about summary refs log tree commit diff
path: root/llvm_mode/afl-ld.c
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'llvm_mode/afl-ld.c')
-rw-r--r--llvm_mode/afl-ld.c839
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 839 deletions
diff --git a/llvm_mode/afl-ld.c b/llvm_mode/afl-ld.c
deleted file mode 100644
index eb46c85c..00000000
--- a/llvm_mode/afl-ld.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,839 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  american fuzzy lop++ - wrapper for GNU ld
-  -----------------------------------------
-
-  Written by Marc Heuse <mh@mh-sec.de> for afl++
-
-  Maintained by Marc Heuse <mh@mh-sec.de>,
-                Heiko Eißfeldt <heiko.eissfeldt@hexco.de>
-                Andrea Fioraldi <andreafioraldi@gmail.com>
-                Dominik Maier <domenukk@gmail.com>
-
-  Copyright 2019-2020 AFLplusplus Project. All rights reserved.
-
-  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-  You may obtain a copy of the License at:
-
-    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
-  The sole purpose of this wrapper is to preprocess clang LTO files before
-  linking by ld and perform the instrumentation on the whole program.
-
-*/
-
-#define AFL_MAIN
-
-#include "config.h"
-#include "types.h"
-#include "debug.h"
-#include "alloc-inl.h"
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/wait.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
-
-#include <dirent.h>
-
-#define MAX_PARAM_COUNT 4096
-
-static u8 **ld_params,              /* Parameters passed to the real 'ld'   */
-    **link_params,                  /* Parameters passed to 'llvm-link'     */
-    **opt_params,                   /* Parameters passed to 'opt' opt       */
-    **inst_params;                  /* Parameters passed to 'opt' inst      */
-
-static u8 *input_file;              /* Originally specified input file      */
-static u8 *final_file,              /* Instrumented file for the real 'ld'  */
-    *linked_file,                   /* file where we link all files         */
-    *modified_file;                 /* file that was optimized before instr */
-static u8 *afl_path = AFL_PATH;
-static u8 *real_ld = AFL_REAL_LD;
-static u8  cwd[4096];
-static u8 *tmp_dir;
-static u8 *ar_dir;
-static u8  ar_dir_cnt;
-static u8 *libdirs[254];
-static u8  libdir_cnt;
-
-static u8 be_quiet,                 /* Quiet mode (no stderr output)        */
-    debug,                          /* AFL_DEBUG                            */
-    passthrough,                    /* AFL_LD_PASSTHROUGH - no link+optimize*/
-    we_link,                        /* we have bc/ll -> link + optimize     */
-    just_version;                   /* Just show version?                   */
-
-static u32 ld_param_cnt = 1,        /* Number of params to 'ld'             */
-    link_param_cnt = 1,             /* Number of params to 'llvm-link'      */
-    opt_param_cnt = 1,              /* Number of params to 'opt' opt        */
-    inst_param_cnt = 1;             /* Number of params to 'opt' instr      */
-
-/* This function wipes a directory - our AR unpack directory in this case */
-static u8 wipe_directory(u8 *path) {
-
-  DIR *          d;
-  struct dirent *d_ent;
-
-  d = opendir(path);
-
-  if (!d) return 0;
-
-  while ((d_ent = readdir(d))) {
-
-    if (strcmp(d_ent->d_name, ".") != 0 && strcmp(d_ent->d_name, "..") != 0) {
-
-      u8 *fname = alloc_printf("%s/%s", path, d_ent->d_name);
-      if (unlink(fname)) PFATAL("Unable to delete '%s'", fname);
-      ck_free(fname);
-
-    }
-
-  }
-
-  closedir(d);
-
-  return !!rmdir(path);
-
-}
-
-/* remove temporary files on fatal errors */
-static void at_exit_handler(void) {
-
-  if (!getenv("AFL_KEEP_ASSEMBLY")) {
-
-    if (linked_file) {
-
-      unlink(linked_file);
-      linked_file = NULL;
-
-    }
-
-    if (modified_file) {
-
-      unlink(modified_file);
-      modified_file = NULL;
-
-    }
-
-    if (final_file) {
-
-      unlink(final_file);
-      final_file = NULL;
-
-    }
-
-    if (ar_dir != NULL) {
-
-      wipe_directory(ar_dir);
-      ar_dir = NULL;
-
-    }
-
-  }
-
-}
-
-/* This function checks if the parameter is a) an existing file and b)
-   if it is a BC or LL file, if both are true it returns 1 and 0 otherwise */
-int is_llvm_file(const char *file) {
-
-  int fd;
-  u8  buf[5];
-
-  if ((fd = open(file, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
-
-    if (debug) SAYF(cMGN "[D] " cRST "File %s not found", file);
-    return 0;
-
-  }
-
-  if (read(fd, buf, 4) != 4) return 0;
-  buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = 0;
-
-  close(fd);
-
-  if (strncmp(buf, "; Mo", 4) == 0) return 1;
-
-  if (buf[0] == 'B' && buf[1] == 'C' && buf[2] == 0xc0 && buf[3] == 0xde)
-    return 1;
-
-  return 0;
-
-}
-
-/* Return the current working directory, not thread safe ;-) */
-u8 *getthecwd() {
-
-  static u8 fail[] = "";
-  if (getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)) == NULL) return fail;
-  return cwd;
-
-}
-
-/* Check if an ar extracted file is already in the parameter list */
-int is_duplicate(u8 **params, u32 ld_param_cnt, u8 *ar_file) {
-
-  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ld_param_cnt; i++)
-    if (params[i] != NULL)
-      if (strcmp(params[i], ar_file) == 0) return 1;
-
-  return 0;
-
-}
-
-/* Examine and modify parameters to pass to 'ld', 'llvm-link' and 'llmv-ar'.
-   Note that the file name is always the last parameter passed by GCC,
-   so we exploit this property to keep the code "simple". */
-static void edit_params(int argc, char **argv) {
-
-  u32 i, have_lto = 0, libdir_index;
-  u8  libdir_file[4096];
-
-  if (tmp_dir == NULL) {
-
-    tmp_dir = getenv("TMPDIR");
-    if (!tmp_dir) tmp_dir = getenv("TEMP");
-    if (!tmp_dir) tmp_dir = getenv("TMP");
-    if (!tmp_dir) tmp_dir = "/tmp";
-
-  }
-
-  linked_file =
-      alloc_printf("%s/.afl-%u-%u-1.ll", tmp_dir, getpid(), (u32)time(NULL));
-  modified_file =
-      alloc_printf("%s/.afl-%u-%u-2.bc", tmp_dir, getpid(), (u32)time(NULL));
-  final_file =
-      alloc_printf("%s/.afl-%u-%u-3.bc", tmp_dir, getpid(), (u32)time(NULL));
-
-  ld_params = ck_alloc(4096 * sizeof(u8 *));
-  link_params = ck_alloc(4096 * sizeof(u8 *));
-  inst_params = ck_alloc(12 * sizeof(u8 *));
-  opt_params = ck_alloc(12 * sizeof(u8 *));
-
-  ld_params[0] = (u8 *)real_ld;
-  ld_params[ld_param_cnt++] = "--allow-multiple-definition";
-
-  link_params[0] = alloc_printf("%s/%s", LLVM_BINDIR, "llvm-link");
-  link_params[link_param_cnt++] = "-S";  // we create the linked file as .ll
-  link_params[link_param_cnt++] = "-o";
-  link_params[link_param_cnt++] = linked_file;
-
-  opt_params[0] = alloc_printf("%s/%s", LLVM_BINDIR, "opt");
-  if (getenv("AFL_DONT_OPTIMIZE") == NULL)
-    opt_params[opt_param_cnt++] = "-O3";
-  else
-    opt_params[opt_param_cnt++] = "-O0";
-
-  // opt_params[opt_param_cnt++] = "-S"; // only when debugging
-  opt_params[opt_param_cnt++] = linked_file;  // input: .ll file
-  opt_params[opt_param_cnt++] = "-o";
-  opt_params[opt_param_cnt++] = modified_file;  // output: .bc file
-
-  inst_params[0] = alloc_printf("%s/%s", LLVM_BINDIR, "opt");
-  inst_params[inst_param_cnt++] =
-      alloc_printf("--load=%s/afl-llvm-lto-instrumentation.so", afl_path);
-  // inst_params[inst_param_cnt++] = "-S"; // only when debugging
-  inst_params[inst_param_cnt++] = "--disable-opt";
-  inst_params[inst_param_cnt++] = "--afl-lto";
-  inst_params[inst_param_cnt++] = modified_file;  // input: .bc file
-  inst_params[inst_param_cnt++] = "-o";
-  inst_params[inst_param_cnt++] = final_file;  // output: .bc file
-
-  // first we must collect all library search paths
-  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
-    if (strlen(argv[i]) > 2 && argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] == 'L')
-      libdirs[libdir_cnt++] = argv[i] + 2;
-
-  // then we inspect all options to the target linker
-  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-
-    if (ld_param_cnt >= MAX_PARAM_COUNT || link_param_cnt >= MAX_PARAM_COUNT)
-      FATAL(
-          "Too many command line parameters because of unpacking .a archives, "
-          "this would need to be done by hand ... sorry! :-(");
-
-    if (strncmp(argv[i], "-flto", 5) == 0) have_lto = 1;
-
-    if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-version")) {
-
-      just_version = 1;
-      ld_params[1] = argv[i];
-      ld_params[2] = NULL;
-      final_file = input_file;
-      return;
-
-    }
-
-    if (strcmp(argv[i], "--afl") == 0) {
-
-      if (!be_quiet) OKF("afl++ test command line flag detected, exiting.");
-      exit(0);
-
-    }
-
-    // if a -l library is linked and no .so is found but an .a archive is there
-    // then the archive will be used. So we have to emulate this and check
-    // if an archive will be used and if yes we will instrument it too
-    libdir_file[0] = 0;
-    libdir_index = libdir_cnt;
-    if (strncmp(argv[i], "-l", 2) == 0 && libdir_cnt > 0 &&
-        strncmp(argv[i], "-lgcc", 5) != 0) {
-
-      u8 found = 0;
-
-      for (uint32_t j = 0; j < libdir_cnt && !found; j++) {
-
-        snprintf(libdir_file, sizeof(libdir_file), "%s/lib%s%s", libdirs[j],
-                 argv[i] + 2, ".so");
-        if (access(libdir_file, R_OK) != 0) {  // no .so found?
-
-          snprintf(libdir_file, sizeof(libdir_file), "%s/lib%s%s", libdirs[j],
-                   argv[i] + 2, ".a");
-          if (access(libdir_file, R_OK) == 0) {  // but .a found?
-
-            libdir_index = j;
-            found = 1;
-            if (debug) SAYF(cMGN "[D] " cRST "Found %s\n", libdir_file);
-
-          }
-
-        } else {
-
-          found = 1;
-          if (debug) SAYF(cMGN "[D] " cRST "Found %s\n", libdir_file);
-
-        }
-
-      }
-
-    }
-
-    // is the parameter an .a AR archive? If so, unpack and check its files
-    if (libdir_index < libdir_cnt ||
-        (argv[i][0] != '-' && strlen(argv[i]) > 2 &&
-         argv[i][strlen(argv[i]) - 1] == 'a' &&
-         argv[i][strlen(argv[i]) - 2] == '.')) {
-
-      // This gets a bit odd. I encountered several .a files being linked and
-      // where the same "foo.o" was in both .a archives. llvm-link does not
-      // like this so we have to work around that ...
-
-      u8             this_wd[4096], *this_ar;
-      u8             ar_params_cnt = 4;
-      u8 *           ar_params[ar_params_cnt];
-      u8 *           file = argv[i];
-      s32            pid, status;
-      DIR *          arx;
-      struct dirent *dir_ent;
-
-      if (libdir_index < libdir_cnt) file = libdir_file;
-
-      if (ar_dir_cnt == 0) {  // first archive, we setup up the basics
-
-        ar_dir = alloc_printf("%s/.afl-%u-%u.dir", tmp_dir, getpid(),
-                              (u32)time(NULL));
-        if (mkdir(ar_dir, 0700) != 0)
-          FATAL("can not create temporary directory %s", ar_dir);
-
-      }
-
-      if (getcwd(this_wd, sizeof(this_wd)) == NULL)
-        FATAL("can not get the current working directory");
-      if (chdir(ar_dir) != 0)
-        FATAL("can not chdir to temporary directory %s", ar_dir);
-      if (file[0] == '/')
-        this_ar = file;
-      else
-        this_ar = alloc_printf("%s/%s", this_wd, file);
-      ar_params[0] = alloc_printf("%s/%s", LLVM_BINDIR, "llvm-ar");
-      ar_params[1] = "x";
-      ar_params[2] = this_ar;
-      ar_params[3] = NULL;
-
-      if (!be_quiet) OKF("Running ar unpacker on %s into %s", this_ar, ar_dir);
-
-      if (debug) {
-
-        SAYF(cMGN "[D]" cRST " cd \"%s\";", getthecwd());
-        for (uint32_t j = 0; j < ar_params_cnt; j++)
-          SAYF(" \"%s\"", ar_params[j]);
-        SAYF("\n");
-
-      }
-
-      if (!(pid = fork())) {
-
-        execvp(ar_params[0], (char **)ar_params);
-        FATAL("Oops, failed to execute '%s'", ar_params[0]);
-
-      }
-
-      if (pid < 0) FATAL("fork() failed");
-      if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) <= 0) FATAL("waitpid() failed");
-      if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) exit(WEXITSTATUS(status));
-
-      if (chdir(this_wd) != 0)
-        FATAL("can not chdir back to our working directory %s", this_wd);
-
-      if (!(arx = opendir(ar_dir))) FATAL("can not open directory %s", ar_dir);
-
-      while ((dir_ent = readdir(arx)) != NULL) {
-
-        u8 *ar_file = alloc_printf("%s/%s", ar_dir, dir_ent->d_name);
-
-        if (dir_ent->d_name[strlen(dir_ent->d_name) - 1] == 'o' &&
-            dir_ent->d_name[strlen(dir_ent->d_name) - 2] == '.') {
-
-          if (passthrough || is_llvm_file(ar_file) == 0) {
-
-            if (is_duplicate(ld_params, ld_param_cnt, ar_file) == 0) {
-
-              ld_params[ld_param_cnt++] = ar_file;
-              if (debug)
-                SAYF(cMGN "[D] " cRST "not a LTO link file: %s\n", ar_file);
-
-            }
-
-          } else {
-
-            if (is_duplicate(link_params, link_param_cnt, ar_file) == 0) {
-
-              if (we_link == 0) {  // we have to honor order ...
-
-                ld_params[ld_param_cnt++] = final_file;
-                we_link = 1;
-
-              }
-
-              link_params[link_param_cnt++] = ar_file;
-              if (debug) SAYF(cMGN "[D] " cRST "is a link file: %s\n", ar_file);
-
-            }
-
-          }
-
-        } else
-
-            if (dir_ent->d_name[0] != '.' && !be_quiet)
-          WARNF("Unusual file found in ar archive %s: %s", argv[i], ar_file);
-
-      }
-
-      closedir(arx);
-      ar_dir_cnt++;
-
-      continue;
-
-    }
-
-    if (passthrough || argv[i][0] == '-' || is_llvm_file(argv[i]) == 0) {
-
-      // -O3 fucks up the CFG and instrumentation, so we downgrade to O2
-      // which is as we want things. Lets hope this is not too different
-      // in the various llvm versions!
-      if (strncmp(argv[i], "-plugin-opt=O", 13) == 0 &&
-          !getenv("AFL_DONT_OPTIMIZE"))
-        ld_params[ld_param_cnt++] = "-plugin-opt=O2";
-      else
-        ld_params[ld_param_cnt++] = argv[i];
-
-    } else {
-
-      if (we_link == 0) {  // we have to honor order ...
-        ld_params[ld_param_cnt++] = final_file;
-        we_link = 1;
-
-      }
-
-      link_params[link_param_cnt++] = argv[i];
-
-    }
-
-  }
-
-  // if (have_lto == 0) ld_params[ld_param_cnt++] = AFL_CLANG_FLTO; // maybe we
-  // should not ...
-  ld_params[ld_param_cnt] = NULL;
-  link_params[link_param_cnt] = NULL;
-  opt_params[opt_param_cnt] = NULL;
-  inst_params[inst_param_cnt] = NULL;
-
-}
-
-/* clean AFL_PATH from PATH */
-
-void clean_path() {
-
-  char *tmp, *newpath = NULL, *path = getenv("PATH");
-  u8    done = 0;
-
-  if (debug)
-    SAYF(cMGN "[D]" cRST " old PATH=%s, AFL_PATH=%s\n", path, AFL_PATH);
-
-  // wipe AFL paths from PATH that we set
-  // we added two paths so we remove the two paths
-  while (!done) {
-
-    if (*path == 0)
-      done = 1;
-    else if (*path++ == ':')
-      done = 1;
-
-  }
-
-  while (*path == ':')
-    path++;
-
-  // AFL_PATH could be additionally in PATH so check and remove to not call our
-  // 'ld'
-  const size_t pathlen = strlen(path);
-  const size_t afl_pathlen = strlen(AFL_PATH);
-  newpath = malloc(pathlen + 1);
-  if (strcmp(AFL_PATH, "/bin") != 0 && strcmp(AFL_PATH, "/usr/bin") != 0 &&
-      afl_pathlen > 1 && (tmp = strstr(path, AFL_PATH)) != NULL &&  // it exists
-      (tmp == path ||
-       (tmp > path &&
-        tmp[-1] == ':')) &&  // either starts with it or has a colon before
-      (tmp + afl_pathlen == path + pathlen ||
-       (tmp + afl_pathlen <
-        path + (pathlen && tmp[afl_pathlen] ==
-                               ':'))  // end with it or has a colon at the end
-       )) {
-
-    int one_colon = 1;
-
-    if (tmp > path) {
-
-      memcpy(newpath, path, tmp - path);
-      newpath[tmp - path - 1] = 0;  // remove ':'
-      one_colon = 0;
-
-    }
-
-    if (tmp + afl_pathlen < path + pathlen) tmp += afl_pathlen + one_colon;
-
-    setenv("PATH", newpath, 1);
-
-  } else
-
-    setenv("PATH", path, 1);
-
-  if (debug) SAYF(cMGN "[D]" cRST " new PATH=%s\n", getenv("PATH"));
-  free(newpath);
-
-}
-
-/* Main entry point */
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-
-  s32 pid, i;
-  int status;
-  u8 *ptr, exe[4096], exe2[4096], proc[32], val[2] = " ";
-  int have_afl_ld_caller = 0;
-
-  if (isatty(2) && !getenv("AFL_QUIET") && !getenv("AFL_DEBUG")) {
-
-    if (getenv("AFL_LD") != NULL)
-      SAYF(cCYA "afl-ld" VERSION cRST
-                " by Marc \"vanHauser\" Heuse <mh@mh-sec.de> (level %d)\n",
-           have_afl_ld_caller);
-
-  } else
-
-    be_quiet = 1;
-
-  if (getenv("AFL_DEBUG") != NULL) debug = 1;
-  if (getenv("AFL_PATH") != NULL) afl_path = getenv("AFL_PATH");
-  if (getenv("AFL_LD_PASSTHROUGH") != NULL) passthrough = 1;
-  if (getenv("AFL_REAL_LD") != NULL) real_ld = getenv("AFL_REAL_LD");
-  if (real_ld == NULL || strlen(real_ld) < 2) real_ld = "/bin/ld";
-  if (real_ld != NULL && real_ld[0] != '/')
-    real_ld = alloc_printf("/bin/%s", real_ld);
-
-  if ((ptr = getenv("AFL_LD_CALLER")) != NULL) have_afl_ld_caller = atoi(ptr);
-  val[0] = 0x31 + have_afl_ld_caller;
-  setenv("AFL_LD_CALLER", val, 1);
-
-  if (debug) {
-
-    SAYF(cMGN "[D] " cRST
-              "AFL_LD=%s, set AFL_LD_CALLER=%s, have_afl_ld_caller=%d, "
-              "real_ld=%s\n",
-         getenv("AFL_LD"), val, have_afl_ld_caller, real_ld);
-    SAYF(cMGN "[D]" cRST " cd \"%s\";", getthecwd());
-    for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
-      SAYF(" \"%s\"", argv[i]);
-    SAYF("\n");
-
-  }
-
-  sprintf(proc, "/proc/%d/exe", getpid());
-  if (readlink(proc, exe, sizeof(exe) - 1) > 0) {
-
-    if (readlink(real_ld, exe2, sizeof(exe2) - 1) < 1) exe2[0] = 0;
-    exe[sizeof(exe) - 1] = 0;
-    exe[sizeof(exe2) - 1] = 0;
-    if (strcmp(exe, real_ld) == 0 || strcmp(exe, exe2) == 0)
-      PFATAL(cLRD "[!] " cRST
-                  "Error: real 'ld' path points to afl-ld, set AFL_REAL_LD to "
-                  "the real 'ld' program!");
-
-  }
-
-  if (have_afl_ld_caller > 1)
-    PFATAL(cLRD "[!] " cRST
-                "Error: afl-ld calls itself in a loop, set AFL_REAL_LD to the "
-                "real 'ld' program!");
-
-  if (argc < 2) {
-
-    SAYF(
-        "\n"
-        "This is a helper application for afl-fuzz. It is a wrapper around GNU "
-        "'ld',\n"
-        "executed by the toolchain whenever using "
-        "afl-clang-lto/afl-clang-lto++.\n"
-        "You probably don't want to run this program directly.\n\n"
-
-        "Environment variables:\n"
-        "  AFL_LD_PASSTHROUGH   do not link+optimize == no instrumentation\n"
-        "  AFL_REAL_LD          point to the real ld if necessary\n"
-
-        "\nafl-ld was compiled with the fixed real 'ld' path of %s and the "
-        "clang "
-        "bin path of %s\n\n",
-        real_ld, LLVM_BINDIR);
-
-    exit(1);
-
-  }
-
-  if (getenv("AFL_LD") == NULL) {
-
-    /* if someone install clang/ld into the same directory as afl++ then
-       they are out of luck ... */
-
-    if (have_afl_ld_caller == 1) { clean_path(); }
-
-    if (real_ld != NULL && strlen(real_ld) > 1) execvp(real_ld, argv);
-    execvp("ld", argv);  // fallback
-    PFATAL("Oops, failed to execute 'ld' - check your PATH");
-
-  }
-
-  atexit(at_exit_handler);  // ensure to wipe temp files if things fail
-
-  edit_params(argc, argv);  // here most of the magic happens :-)
-
-  if (debug)
-    SAYF(cMGN "[D] " cRST
-              "param counts: ar:%u lib:%u ld:%u link:%u opt:%u instr:%u\n",
-         ar_dir_cnt, libdir_cnt, ld_param_cnt, link_param_cnt, opt_param_cnt,
-         inst_param_cnt);
-
-  if (!just_version) {
-
-    if (we_link == 0) {
-
-      if (!getenv("AFL_QUIET"))
-        WARNF("No LTO input file found, cannot instrument!");
-
-    } else {
-
-      /* first we link all files */
-      if (!be_quiet) OKF("Running bitcode linker, creating %s", linked_file);
-
-      if (debug) {
-
-        SAYF(cMGN "[D]" cRST " cd \"%s\";", getthecwd());
-        for (i = 0; i < link_param_cnt; i++)
-          SAYF(" \"%s\"", link_params[i]);
-        SAYF("\n");
-
-      }
-
-      if (!(pid = fork())) {
-
-        execvp(link_params[0], (char **)link_params);
-        FATAL("Oops, failed to execute '%s'", link_params[0]);
-
-      }
-
-      if (pid < 0) PFATAL("fork() failed");
-      if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) <= 0) PFATAL("waitpid() failed");
-      if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
-
-        SAYF(bSTOP RESET_G1 CURSOR_SHOW cRST cLRD
-             "\n[-] PROGRAM ABORT : " cRST);
-        SAYF(
-            "llvm-link failed! Probable causes:\n\n"
-            " #1  If the error is \"linking globals named '...': symbol "
-            "multiply defined\"\n"
-            "     then there is nothing we can do - llvm-link is missing an "
-            "important feature\n\n"
-            " #2  If the error is \"expected top-level entity\" and then "
-            "binary output, this\n"
-            "     is because the same file is present in different .a archives "
-            "in different\n"
-            "     formats. This can be fixed by manual doing the steps afl-ld "
-            "is doing but\n"
-            "     programmatically - sorry!\n\n");
-        exit(WEXITSTATUS(status));
-
-      }
-
-      /* then we perform an optimization on the collected objects files */
-      if (!be_quiet)
-        OKF("Performing optimization via opt, creating %s", modified_file);
-      if (debug) {
-
-        SAYF(cMGN "[D]" cRST " cd \"%s\";", getthecwd());
-        for (i = 0; i < opt_param_cnt; i++)
-          SAYF(" \"%s\"", opt_params[i]);
-        SAYF("\n");
-
-      }
-
-      if (!(pid = fork())) {
-
-        execvp(opt_params[0], (char **)opt_params);
-        FATAL("Oops, failed to execute '%s'", opt_params[0]);
-
-      }
-
-      if (pid < 0) PFATAL("fork() failed");
-      if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) <= 0) PFATAL("waitpid() failed");
-      if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) exit(WEXITSTATUS(status));
-
-      /* then we run the instrumentation through the optimizer */
-      if (!be_quiet)
-        OKF("Performing instrumentation via opt, creating %s", final_file);
-      if (debug) {
-
-        SAYF(cMGN "[D]" cRST " cd \"%s\";", getthecwd());
-        for (i = 0; i < inst_param_cnt; i++)
-          SAYF(" \"%s\"", inst_params[i]);
-        SAYF("\n");
-
-      }
-
-      if (!(pid = fork())) {
-
-        execvp(inst_params[0], (char **)inst_params);
-        FATAL("Oops, failed to execute '%s'", inst_params[0]);
-
-      }
-
-      if (pid < 0) PFATAL("fork() failed");
-      if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) <= 0) PFATAL("waitpid() failed");
-      if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) exit(WEXITSTATUS(status));
-
-    }
-
-    /* next step - run the linker! :-) */
-
-  }
-
-  if (!be_quiet) OKF("Running real linker %s", real_ld);
-  if (debug) {
-
-    SAYF(cMGN "[D]" cRST " cd \"%s\";", getthecwd());
-    for (i = 0; i < ld_param_cnt; i++)
-      SAYF(" \"%s\"", ld_params[i]);
-    SAYF("\n");
-
-  }
-
-  if (!(pid = fork())) {
-
-    clean_path();
-
-    unsetenv("AFL_LD");
-
-    if (strlen(real_ld) > 1) execvp(real_ld, (char **)ld_params);
-    execvp("ld", (char **)ld_params);  // fallback
-    FATAL("Oops, failed to execute 'ld' - check your PATH");
-
-  }
-
-  if (pid < 0) PFATAL("fork() failed");
-
-  if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) <= 0) PFATAL("waitpid() failed");
-  if (debug) SAYF(cMGN "[D] " cRST "linker result: %d\n", status);
-
-  if (!just_version) {
-
-    if (!getenv("AFL_KEEP_ASSEMBLY")) {
-
-      if (linked_file) {
-
-        unlink(linked_file);
-        linked_file = NULL;
-
-      }
-
-      if (modified_file) {
-
-        unlink(modified_file);
-        modified_file = NULL;
-
-      }
-
-      if (final_file) {
-
-        unlink(final_file);
-        final_file = NULL;
-
-      }
-
-      if (ar_dir != NULL) {
-
-        wipe_directory(ar_dir);
-        ar_dir = NULL;
-
-      }
-
-    } else {
-
-      if (!be_quiet) {
-
-        SAYF(
-            "[!] afl-ld: keeping link file %s, optimized bitcode %s and "
-            "instrumented bitcode %s",
-            linked_file, modified_file, final_file);
-        if (ar_dir_cnt > 0 && ar_dir)
-          SAYF(" and ar archive unpack directory %s", ar_dir);
-        SAYF("\n");
-
-      }
-
-    }
-
-    if (status == 0) {
-
-      if (!be_quiet) OKF("Linker was successful");
-
-    } else {
-
-      SAYF(cLRD "[-] " cRST
-                "Linker failed, please investigate and send a bug report. Most "
-                "likely an 'ld' option is incompatible with %s. Try "
-                "AFL_KEEP_ASSEMBLY=1 and AFL_DEBUG=1 for replaying.\n",
-           AFL_CLANG_FLTO);
-
-    }
-
-  }
-
-  exit(WEXITSTATUS(status));
-
-}
-