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-The next example of relationship we're going to look at is

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-the association relationship. This is a relationship in which objects of

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-one class are connected to objects of another. And it's

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-called an has a relationship. So it means that objects of

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-one class have objects of another class. So let's see

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-what that means. Let's do it by considering two classes in

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-our example system. The student class and the course offering class.

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-In this case, there is an association between the student and

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-the course offering, because the student is registering for the

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-course offering. So, in a sense, the course offering has students.

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-Contains students, to indicate this fact we add a solid

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-line between the student class and the course offering. And the

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-fact that having a solid line doesn't really tell us

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-much about the nature of the relationship, so to clarify such

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-nature we can use what we call adornments that we

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-can apply to associations we can add to associations to clarify

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-their meaning. In particular we can add a label to

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-an association and the label describes the nature of the relationship.

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-In this case, for example, it clarifies that the student

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-registers for CourseOffering. We can also add a triangle to

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-further clarify the direction of the relationship. So in this

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-case, the triangle will indicate that it's the student That registers

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-for the course offering, and not the other way around. Another

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-important adornment or limitation that we can put on an association,

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-is multiplicity. Multiplicity defines the number of instances of one

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-class that are related to one instance of the other

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-class. We can define multiplicity at either end of the

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-relationship. In this case, for instance, we can say that

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-if we look at the student, the student can register

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-for two or more course offerings. Whereas, if we look

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-at the course offering, we can say that each course

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-offering can have or can enroll between 1 and 50 students.

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-So as you can see by adding a label, a direction,

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-and multiplicity, we make it much clearer what the relationship is

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-and what it means and what are its characteristics. As we

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-saw when we introduced relationships, there is a different kind of

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-association, kind of a specialized one, which we call aggregation. So

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-here we're going to look at an example of an aggregation. So

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-first of all what is an aggregation? An aggregation is a

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-relationship between 2 classes in which 1 represents a larger class

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-like a whole which consists of smaller classes which are

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-the parts of this whole. So lets look at an example

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-in the context of our system. Let's consider a Course

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-and the CourseOffering. And in this case, we can see

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-that the Course consists of multiple CourseOfferings. So in

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-a sense, a course is a whole and the course offerings

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-are the parts of this whole. So this a perfect case

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-in which we will use an aggregation to express this relationship.

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-So we will add a solid line with a diamond on the side of the whole class

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-to indicate that the course consists of multiple course offerings.

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-And as we did for associations even though we

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-are not going to do it for this specific

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-example, we could also in this case add multiplicity

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-information on the aggregation to indicate how many classes

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-of the two types are involved in the relationships.