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+As we said at the end of the previous lesson, black-box testing is

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+the testing of the software when we look at it as a black box,

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+as a closed box, without looking at it inside, without looking at the

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+code. And there are several advantages in

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+using black-box testing. So let me recap

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+6

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+those advantages, some of which we already mentioned, and let me also expand

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+on that a little bit. The first advantage of when I mentioned is that

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+black box focuses on the domain, on the input domain of the software. And

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+as such, we can use it to make sure that we are actually covering

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+this domain, that we are actually covering the important behaviors of

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+the software. A second advantage is that black box testing does not

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+need the code. What that means is that you can perform early

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+test design. So you can start designing and writing your test cases,

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+even before writing your code, so that when the code is

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+ready, we can test it right away. And that helps prevent a

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+problem that is very typical in real life software development, which is

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+getting an idea of the project and having no time to create

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+the tests. In this way, we already have the tests, so

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+we just have to run them. Another advantage is that black-box testing

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+can catch logic defects, because it focuses on the description of what

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+the software should do, and therefore on its logic. If we derive

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+test cases from such description, then we can catch these kind of

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+problems. And finally, black-box testing is

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+applicable at all granularity levels, which

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+means that we can use black-box testing in unit testing, integration testing,

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+system testing, and so on. We can use it at all levels.