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const expect = @import("std").testing.expect;
// Functions are declared like this
fn add(a: i8, b: i8) i8 {
return if (a == 0) b else a + b;
}
// The export specifier makes a function externally visible in the generated
// object file, and makes it use the C ABI.
export fn sub(a: i8, b: i8) i8 { return a - b; }
// The extern specifier is used to declare a function that will be resolved
// at link time, when linking statically, or at runtime, when linking
// dynamically.
extern "c" fn atan2(a: f64, b: f64) f64;
// The @setCold builtin tells the optimizer that a function is rarely called.
fn abort() noreturn {
@setCold(true);
while (true) {}
}
// The naked calling convention makes a function not have any function prologue
// or epilogue. This can be useful when integrating with assembly.
fn _start() callconv(.Naked) noreturn {
abort();
}
// The inline specifier forces a function to be inlined at all call sites.
// If the function cannot be inlined, it is a compile-time error.
inline fn shiftLeftOne(a: u32) u32 {
return a << 1;
}
// The pub specifier allows the function to be visible when importing.
// Another file can use @import and call sub2
pub fn sub2(a: i8, b: i8) i8 { return a - b; }
// Functions can be used as values and are equivalent to pointers.
fn do_op(fn_call: fn (a: i8, b: i8) i8, op1: i8, op2: i8) i8 {
return fn_call(op1, op2);
}
test "function" {
expect(do_op(add, 5, 6) == 11);
expect(do_op(sub2, 5, 6) == -1);
}
const Point = struct { x: i32, y: i32 };
fn foo(point: Point) i32 {
// Here, `point` could be a reference, or a copy. The function body
// can ignore the difference and treat it as a value. Be very careful
// taking the address of the parameter - it should be treated as if
// the address will become invalid when the function returns.
return point.x + point.y;
}
test "pass struct to function" {
expect(foo(Point{ .x = 1, .y = 2 }) == 3);
}
fn addFortyTwo(x: anytype) @TypeOf(x) {
return x + 42;
}
test "fn type inference" {
expect(addFortyTwo(1) == 43);
expect(@TypeOf(addFortyTwo(1)) == comptime_int);
const y: i64 = 2;
expect(addFortyTwo(y) == 44);
expect(@TypeOf(addFortyTwo(y)) == i64);
}
test "fn reflection" {
expect(@typeInfo(@TypeOf(expect)).Fn.return_type.? == void);
expect(@typeInfo(@TypeOf(expect)).Fn.is_var_args == false);
}
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