diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'src')
| -rw-r--r-- | src/SUMMARY.md | 1 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | src/haesdaaga/phonology.md | 74 |
2 files changed, 75 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/SUMMARY.md b/src/SUMMARY.md index 0358bb1..4ff8455 100644 --- a/src/SUMMARY.md +++ b/src/SUMMARY.md @@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ # Hàësdáëga - [Introduction](./haesdaaga/intro.md) +- [Phonology](./haesdaaga/phonology.md) diff --git a/src/haesdaaga/phonology.md b/src/haesdaaga/phonology.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bbfcadc --- /dev/null +++ b/src/haesdaaga/phonology.md @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +# Phonology + +## Consonants + +Main consonants are listed in the table below: + +| | labial | alveolar | palatal | uvular | glottal | +|---------------|--------|----------|---------|-----------|---------| +| **nasal** | m | n | ɲ (*nj*) | ŋ (*n*, *ng*) | | +| **plosive** | p b | t d | | k (*c*) ɡ (*g*) | ʔ | +| **fricative** | f v | s z | | x (*ch*) ɣ (*gh*) | h | +| **sonorant** | w | ɹ (*r*) l | j | | | + +Notes: + +- *n* is pronounced as /ŋ/ only if it is followed by another consonant +- The glottal stop /ʔ/ is not written. It's implied when a syllable does not + have other consonants (similar to Vietnamese). +- *nj* is pronounced as /ɲ/ even when the two letters are from different words. + The sames go for other digraphs (ng, ch, gh) +- Some dialects may pronounce *s*, *z* as + +## Vowels + +| | front | centre | back | +|-------|--------------|--------|-------------| +| open | i y | ɨ (*uë*) | u | +| mid | ɛ (*e*) e (*aë*) | ə (*oë*) | ɔ (*o*) o (*oü*)| +| close | a | | | + +Notes: In Hàësdáëga's native script all vowels are written as only one character. + +### Diphthongs and long vowels + +Long vowels are written as duplicated vowels, with the second character having +a diaresis (for example *aä* is pronounced /aː/). For vowels whose +romanizations contain two characters, the later vowel is duplicated (for +example, long version of *aë* is *aëë*) + +Diphthongs are written similarly. They're listed below: + +- aï /aɪ/ +- aü /aʊ/ +- aëï /eɪ/ +- oëï /əɪ/ +- oÿ /oʏ/ +- uï /uɪ/ + +## Tones + +There are three tones in Hàësdáëga: + +- level tone (a) /˧˧/ +- rising tone (á) /˧˥/ +- falling tone (à) /˥˩/ + +## Phonotactics + +Syllables in Hàësdáëga have a simple structure: **CVT(C)** + +The final consonants can't be sonorants, /h/, /ʔ/, and voiced vowels if they +have voiceless equivalents. Other than that, there isn't any constraints. + +There are thus: + +\\( 22 × (10 × 2 + 6 ) × 3 × 11 = 18876 \\) (possible syllables) + +Note: These numbers mean: + +- 22 consonants +- 10 vowels and their long version +- 6 diphthongs +- 3 tones +- 10 final consonants |