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authorNgô Ngọc Đức Huy <huyngo@disroot.org>2021-12-27 16:51:58 +0700
committerNgô Ngọc Đức Huy <huyngo@disroot.org>2021-12-27 16:51:58 +0700
commit83c8a8ce78518bb4465e5ce8f041e5e95f1645fb (patch)
tree9e039d0ecb8752d40e685271e8be1c54b3c4adb7 /src
parent7799f30593baf6cdd31e8302cf5036a184ea7c9e (diff)
downloadisanercent-83c8a8ce78518bb4465e5ce8f041e5e95f1645fb.tar.gz
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-rw-r--r--src/SUMMARY.md7
-rw-r--r--src/grammar/phonology.md96
-rw-r--r--src/grammar/syntax.md1
-rw-r--r--src/introduction.md6
-rw-r--r--src/lexicon/index.md1
5 files changed, 108 insertions, 3 deletions
diff --git a/src/SUMMARY.md b/src/SUMMARY.md
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+++ b/src/SUMMARY.md
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# Summary
-- [Phonology](./phonology.md)
-- [Syntax](./syntax.md)
-- [Lexicon](./lexicon.md)
+- [Introduction](./introduction.md)
+- [Phonology](./grammar/phonology.md)
+- [Syntax](./grammar/syntax.md)
+- [Lexicon](./lexicon/index.md)
diff --git a/src/grammar/phonology.md b/src/grammar/phonology.md
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+# Phonology
+
+Isanercent shares the same set of phonemes of German. Below is a description
+based on Wikipedia article.
+
+## Consonants
+
+| | labial | alveolar | post-alveolar | palatal | velar/uvular | glottal |
+|--|--------|----------|---------------|---------|--------------|---------|
+| nasal | m | n | | | ŋ | |
+| plosive | p b | t d | | | k g | |
+| affricate | pf | ts | tʃ dʒ | | | |
+| fricative | f v | s z | ʃ ʒ | ç j | x | h |
+| liquid | | l | | | | |
+
+## Vowels
+
+| | front (u) | front (r) | central | back |
+|--|-----------------|---------------|---------|------|
+| close | ɪ iː | ʏ yː | | ʊ uː |
+| close-mid | eː | øː | (ə) | oː |
+| open-mid | ɛ (ɛː) | œ | (ɐ) | ɔ |
+| open | | | a | |
+
+- /ə/ is often realized as mid central unrounded [ə] and close-mid central
+ unrounded [ɘ]. It occurs only in unstressed syllables, for instance in
+ Isanercent [ˈɪzaˌnɛɐtsən]. If a sonorant follows in the syllable coda, the
+ schwa often disappears so that the sonorant becomes syllabic, for instance
+ [ˈɪzaˌnɛɐtsn̩]
+- /ɐ/ is a common allophone of the sequence /ər/
+
+## Diphthongs
+
+### Phonemic
+
+| Ending point → | front | back |
+|----------------|-------|------|
+| open-mid | ɔʏ̯ | |
+| open | aɪ̯ | aʊ̯ |
+
+### Phonetic
+
+In the varieties where speakers vocalize /r/ to [ɐ] in the syllable coda, a
+diphthong ending in [ɐ̯] may be formed with every stressable vowel.
+
+## Romanization
+
+While we can directly borrow German's orthography, seeing that we can improve
+its intuitivity, it is modified a little.
+
+### Consonants
+
+- b: at end of syllable: [p]; otherwise: [b]
+- c: [ts]
+- ch: after a, o, and u: [x]; after other vowels or consonants or initially:
+ [ç] or [k].
+- ck: [k], follows short vowels
+- d: at end of syllable: [t]; otherwise: [d] or [d̥]
+- dz: [dʒ]
+- dt: [t]
+- f: [f]
+- g: when part of word-final -ig: [ç] or [k] (Southern German); at the end of a
+ syllable: [k]; otherwise: [ɡ] or [ɡ̊]
+- h: [h]
+- k: [k]
+- l: [l]
+- m: [m]
+- n: [n]
+- ng: usually: [ŋ]; in compound words where the first element ends in "n" and
+ the second element begins with "g" (-n·g-): [nɡ] or [nɡ̊]
+- nk: [ŋk]
+- p: [p]
+- pf: [pf] in all cases with some speakers
+- qu: [kv] or [kw] (in a few regions)
+- r: [ʁ] before vowels, [ɐ] otherwise; or
+- s: before and between vowels: [z] or [z̥]; before consonants or when final: [s];
+ before p or t at the beginning of a word or syllable: [ʃ]
+- sch: [ʃ]; however
+- ss: [s]
+- t: [t]
+- tsch: [tʃ]
+- ts: [ts], follows short vowels
+- tzsch: [tʃ]
+- v: [v]; word-ending: [f]
+- w: [v]
+- z: [ʒ]
+- zsch: [tʃ]
+
+### Vowels
+
+| | front (u) | front (r) | central | back |
+|------|--------------|-------------|---------|------|
+| close | ɪ (ǐ) i (i) | ʏ (y) y (ü) | | ʊ (ǔ) u (u) |
+| close-mid | e (e) | ø (ö) | ə (e) | o (o) |
+| open-mid | ɛ (ä) | œ (œ) | ɐ (r) | ɔ (ǒ) |
+| open | | | a (a) | |
diff --git a/src/grammar/syntax.md b/src/grammar/syntax.md
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+# Syntax
diff --git a/src/introduction.md b/src/introduction.md
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+# Introduction
+
+Isanercent is a relex based on German with only a few grammatical,
+orthographical, and phonology changes.
+
+In-world wise, Isanercent is spoken by people in Isanerc.
diff --git a/src/lexicon/index.md b/src/lexicon/index.md
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+# Lexicon