about summary refs log tree commit diff
path: root/src/pos/verb.md
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'src/pos/verb.md')
-rw-r--r--src/pos/verb.md49
1 files changed, 49 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/pos/verb.md b/src/pos/verb.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..818043f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pos/verb.md
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# Verb
+
+## Tense
+
+There are 3 tenses: past, present, and future.  They are used according to
+time.
+
+### Reported speech
+
+Unlike in English and some other languages, tense is not propagated in reported speech.
+Instead, the tense is relative to the time spoken.
+For example, if John said to Mary "I will meet you at noon" and now
+is after that, you would say:
+
+>
+> John-nom.sg Mary-dat.sg say-ind.pst.prf `<sub>` he-nom.sg her-acc.sg meet-ind.pst.prf
+> noon-dat.fi.sg  
+> *John told Mary he would meet her at noon.*
+
+If the future is indefinite, it will stays in the future, whether the event has
+happened or not.
+
+> 
+> he-nom.fi.sg believe-ind.pst.cont `<sub>` she-nom.ea.sg back-come-ind.fut.prf,
+> that-acc.sg she-nom.ea.sg do.ind.pst.prf  
+> *He believed she would come back, and she did.*
+
+### Narration
+
+Narration is always present tense, even when the story obviously happened in the past.
+
+## Mood
+
+- indicative: the action actually occurs
+- interrogative: the action is in the question
+- imperative: the action is a command
+- subjunctive: the action does not happens, and usually used in conditional or wish
+- ritual: the action is the intend of the spellcaster
+
+Ritual mood is also used for cursing and profanity.  In such case, the gender
+affix is removed so the speaker does not accidentally cast the actual curse.
+Because cursing is quite literal for Hàäsdáïga speakers, it is never used in
+the same manner as in the modern society.
+
+## Aspect
+
+- habitual: the action happens repeatedly in the period of time
+- continuous: the action or the state persists over the duration
+- perfective: the action happens once and finished