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diff --git a/src/pos/index.md b/src/pos/index.md
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+# Parts of Speech
+
+This section concerns the main parts of speech and how they are used.
+Note that it does not discuss how they are ordered, which is the content of [Syntax].
+
+In this section as well as [Syntax], there will be glosses, indicating how the
+sentences are constructed.
+
+They are written as quotes, in following order:
+
+- Romanization (in bold)
+- Gloss
+- English translation (in italic)
diff --git a/src/pos/noun.md b/src/pos/noun.md
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+# Noun
+
+## Cases
+
+### Nominative
+
+The nominative is used for the subject of a sentence and for vocative.
+
+It is also used as predicative for some verbs:
+
+- wítzy (be)
+- voïczy (become)
+
+TODO: add examples
+
+### Accusative
+
+Accusative case is used for direct object.
+
+TODO: add examples
+
+### Ablative
+
+Ablative case is used to express the motion away from something
+
+TODO: add examples
+
+### Dative
+
+Dative case is used to express the motion to a location, or being at the
+location (locative).  The meaning is determined by whether the verb takes
+object or not.
+
+TODO: add examples
+
+### Genitive
+
+Genitive case is used to express possession or relation.
+
+> **cibansy wítar súngsa fènci**  
+> this-nom.sg be.ind.prs.cnt book-nom.wo.sg I-gen.ea.sg  
+> *This is my book.*
+> 
+> **cisúngsa wítar fènci**  
+> this-book-nom.wo.sg be.ind.prs.cnt I-gen.ea.sg  
+> *This book is mine.*
+
+*Relations* also include relations constructed by postposition.
+
+> **tènze vamá fèncu chát**  
+> he-nom.fi.sg stay-ind.fut.prf I-gen.wa.sg with  
+> *He will stay with me.*
+>
+> **vifar bissy wócci mèng**  
+> stand-ind.prs.cnt man-nom.sg shop-gen.ea.sg (in front of)  
+> *There is a man standing in front of the shop.*
+
+Genitive is also used for family name, which is placed before the given name.
+
+## Gender
+
+### Individuals
+
+Nouns' gender are arbitrarily assigned, based on the philosophy.
+Generally, it is quite intuitive, for example, (tree), (seed), (wood) are wood.
+However, there are some cases it is unclear, like (liver) being wood, and even
+counter-intuitive, like (flower) being fire.
+This is because liver is is controlled by wood in the philosophy,
+and flower represents the outburst state which matches more with fire.
+
+For people, gender is determined by their date of birth (people born in wood
+months are wood).  For people who can use magic, their magic affinity is their
+gender.
+
+### Mixed groups
+
+The gender of a group of objects with different genders is determined by the *majority*
+group.  The majority group is defined as the group with:
+
+- more than half of the group
+- has more than 10 members, if any other group has more than one member.
+
+## Number
+
+- singular: zero or one
+- several: two to ten, inclusive
+- plural: more than ten
diff --git a/src/pos/num.md b/src/pos/num.md
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+# Numerals
+
+| number | cardinal |
+|--------|----------|
+| 0      | zỳ       |
+| 1      | jyng     |
+| 2      | lèn      |
+| 3      | tys      |
+| 4      | ngúf     |
+| 5      | ngit     |
+| 6      | ghaf     |
+| 7      | bet      |
+| 8      | geng     |
+| 9      | rìch     |
+| 10     | nonj     |
+| 100    | ghèp     |
+| 1000   | lùng     |
+| 10000  | bif      |
+
+Constructing numbers:
+
+- 14 = 10 + 4 : nonjngúf
+- 143 = 100 + 4 × 10 + 3 : ghèpngúfnonjtys
+- 2021 = 2 × 1000 + 0 × 100 + 2 × 10 + 1 : lènlùngzỳghèplènnonjjyng
+- 1000000 = 100 × 10000 : ghèpbif
+
+To construct ordinals, add -se to the number
+
+21st: lènnonjjyng
+
+To construct fractions, use it as a wood-gendered noun in genitive case.
+
+a half: jyng lènca
diff --git a/src/pos/pp.md b/src/pos/pp.md
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+# Postposition
+
+This section list an exhaustive list of postpositions.
+
+## Location
+
+| Hàëdáäiga | English  |
+|-----------|----------|
+| jos       | inside   |
+| rung      | outside  |
+| mèng      | in front of|
+| tèf       | behind   |
+| long      | between  |
+| jím       | under, below|
+| ngỳch     | above    |
+| dún       | up       |
+| lòn       | down     |
+| váp       | next to  |
+| chỳc      | near     |
+| fá        | across, through|
+| cong      | opposite of    |
+| dàm       | beyond  |
+| pam       | over    |
+
+## Time
+
+| Hàëdáäiga | English  |
+|-----------|----------|
+| músnech   | after    |
+| mỳfgháä   | before   |
+| sés       | until    |
+| njongù    | during   |
+
+## Other
+
+| Hàëdáäiga | English |
+|-----------|---------|
+| chát      | with    |
+| sànj      | without |
+| janj      | in order to |
+
+# Conjunction
+
+
+| Hàëdáäiga | English |
+|-----------|---------|
+| chech     | but     |
+| nòör      | and     |
diff --git a/src/pos/pronoun.md b/src/pos/pronoun.md
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+# Pronoun
+
+Pronouns are nominal anaphora, that is, short words that are used to refer to a
+noun or a noun phrase.  Pronouns usually have nominal morphology, though not
+strictly.  Pronoun is a closed class.
+
+## Personal pronouns
+
+There are 15 personal pronouns in total.  Dual pronouns and 1st person
+inclusive pronouns are in fact formed by compounding others.
+
+| person | singular | dual     | several | plural   |
+|--------|----------|----------|---------|----------|
+| 1st    | fènsy    | fènvynsỳ | jaächsỳ | rèëchsý  |
+| 1st (inclusive) | | fèndynsỳ | jaächdynsỳ | rèëchdynsý |
+| 2nd    | tènsy    | tèndynsỳ | néëcsỳ  | ngeënsý  |
+| 3rd    | lúcsy    | lúccynsỳ | bóönsỳ  | waanjsý  |
+
+### Reflexive
+
+Reflexive pronouns occur as clitic.  They are formed by removing the gender
+vowel and number tone from corresponding personal pronoun.
+
+> **fènsu fèngòngàr zápmỳfo**  
+> I-nom.wo.sg I-acc-look-ind.pst.cnt mirror-dat.mt.sg  
+> *I was looking at myself in the mirror.*
+
+It also works for indirect object:
+
+> **tènsa tènfnìchá púürijinsechne**  
+> he-nom.wo.sg he-dat-buy-ind.fut.prf birthday-gift-acc.fi.sg  
+> *He'll just buy himself a birthday gift.*
+
+There is a difference between reflexive and reciprocal for plural pronouns.
+
+> **lúccynsỳ lúcnmeërá'ar**  
+> you-nom.dual you-acc.sg-love-ind.prs.cnt  
+> *You love yourselves*
+>
+> **lúccynsỳ lúccyǹmeërá'ar**  
+> you-nom.dual you-acc.dual-love-ind.prs.cnt  
+> *You love each other.*
+
+Note: there is also a idiomatic use of reflexive pronouns:
+
+> **fènsu fèncwítar**
+> I-nom.wa.sg I-gen-be.ind.prs.cnt  
+> *I am alone.*
+>
+> **fènsu fèncbochar ringyno**  
+> I-nom.wa.sg I-gen-repair.ind.pst.prf vehicle-acc.mt.sg  
+> *I fixed the car myself.*
+
+## Indefinite pronouns
+
+These are indefinite pronouns in Hàäsdáïga:
+
+- hipsy: somewhen
+- vàtsy: somewhere
+- cotsy: somehow
+- bansy: someone
+- wón: which
+
+Construction of other [pro-forms][pro-forms] are totally regular:
+
+- It is interrogative when its verb is in interrogative mood.
+- Its proximity is determined by a determiner prefix: *ci* (this) *la* (that)
+- So are *any*, *all/every*, *other*, with *zòt*, *rýnj*, *púch*, respectively.
+- Negative forms are formed by negating the "all/every" form. See [Negation].
+- The equivalent relative pronouns is unchanged.
+
+[pro-forms]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-form
+
+Examples:
+
+TODO: add glosses
+
+> **vungà las hipfy**  
+> happen-ind.pst.prf that-nom somewhen-dat  
+> *It happened at some point*.
+>
+> **saändasi Aäratraäce voö'ir vàtfy**  
+> city-nom.ea.sg ember-gen.fi be_located_at-int.prs.cnt somewhere-dat  
+> *Where is Ember city?*
+>
+> **wónjannane lúcfi càhánì**  
+> which-name-acc.fi.sg you-dat.ea.sg give-int.pst.prf  
+> *What is your name?*
+>
+> **vifi bansy civàtfy**  
+> stand-int.prs.cnt someone-nom.sg this-somewhere-dat  
+> *Is there anyone here?*
+>
+> **rýnjbansý càï'ar njizy lan**  
+> every-someone-nom.pl can-ind.prs.cnt do that-acc
+> *Everyone can do that.*
+>
+> **dy njéna bansa lúcna daïnè'à, connar fènsu**  
+> `<sub>` woman-acc.wo.sg who.nom you-acc.wo.sg help-ind.pst.prf,
+> know-ind.prs.cnt I-nom.wa.sg  
+> *I know the woman who helped you.*
diff --git a/src/pos/verb.md b/src/pos/verb.md
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+# Verb
+
+## Tense
+
+There are 3 tenses: past, present, and future.  They are used according to
+time.
+
+### Reported speech
+
+Unlike in English and some other languages, tense is not propagated in reported speech.
+Instead, the tense is relative to the time spoken.
+For example, if John said to Mary "I will meet you at noon" and now
+is after that, you would say:
+
+>
+> John-nom.sg Mary-dat.sg say-ind.pst.prf `<sub>` he-nom.sg her-acc.sg meet-ind.pst.prf
+> noon-dat.fi.sg  
+> *John told Mary he would meet her at noon.*
+
+If the future is indefinite, it will stays in the future, whether the event has
+happened or not.
+
+> 
+> he-nom.fi.sg believe-ind.pst.cont `<sub>` she-nom.ea.sg back-come-ind.fut.prf,
+> that-acc.sg she-nom.ea.sg do.ind.pst.prf  
+> *He believed she would come back, and she did.*
+
+### Narration
+
+Narration is always present tense, even when the story obviously happened in the past.
+
+## Mood
+
+- indicative: the action actually occurs
+- interrogative: the action is in the question
+- imperative: the action is a command
+- subjunctive: the action does not happens, and usually used in conditional or wish
+- ritual: the action is the intend of the spellcaster
+
+Ritual mood is also used for cursing and profanity.  In such case, the gender
+affix is removed so the speaker does not accidentally cast the actual curse.
+Because cursing is quite literal for Hàäsdáïga speakers, it is never used in
+the same manner as in the modern society.
+
+## Aspect
+
+- habitual: the action happens repeatedly in the period of time
+- continuous: the action or the state persists over the duration
+- perfective: the action happens once and finished